實證方向:近期研究以 ACGME milestones 與 CanMEDS 為基礎,開發出可用於實習生的工作場域評核工具(WPBA),其中「專業素養」被證實與「病人照護」表現高度相關(Farhat et al., 2026)。
Part 08 — Appendix & Resources
附錄與資源
中英名詞對照glossary
Core terms
中文
English
代碼/說明
病人照護
Patient Care
PC
醫學知識
Medical Knowledge
MK
執業中學習與改進
Practice-Based Learning & Improvement
PBLI
人際關係與溝通技巧
Interpersonal & Communication Skills
ICS
專業素養
Professionalism
PROF
系統為基礎的執業
Systems-Based Practice
SBP
能力導向醫學教育
Competency-Based Medical Education
CBME
委任專業活動
Entrustable Professional Activities
EPA
里程碑
Milestones
能力在不同階段的具體達成指標
工作場域評核
Workplace-Based Assessment
WPBA
六大能力自我檢核總表one-page checklist
下診後花兩分鐘,針對今天最主要的一位病人勾一遍。
PC | 動手前完成了完整評估,計畫納入病人全身狀況與意願。
MK | 能說出每個處置背後的科學理由,並清楚自己的知識界線。
PBLI | 今天從某位病人身上學到東西,並落實了收到的回饋。
ICS | 用回述確認病人聽懂了,病歷能讓人接手。
PROF | 準時、尊重、保護隱私,把病人利益放在方便之前。
SBP | 知道病人下一步該由誰接手,操作符合感控與病安。
參考文獻與官方文件references
官方框架與定義
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) & American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS). The Six Core Competencies (established 1999). 摘要與定義參見 The American Board of Pediatrics:abp.org/content/acgme-core-competencies。
American Dental Education Association (ADEA). Competencies for the New General Dentist(2008 年 ADEA House of Delegates 通過)。adea.org
Australian Dental Council (ADC). Professional Competencies of the Newly Qualified Dentist(2022):社會責任與專業素養、溝通與領導、批判思考、健康促進、科學與臨床知識、以病人為中心的照護。
Swing SR. Assessing the ACGME general competencies: general considerations and assessment methods. Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9(11):1278-88. DOI
Dyne PL, Strauss RW, Rinnert S. Systems-based practice: the sixth core competency. Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9(11):1270-7. DOI
Khatami S, MacEntee MI. Evolution of clinical reasoning in dental education. J Dent Educ. 2011;75(3):321-8. PMID: 21368256.
Badner V, et al. A competency-based framework for training in advanced dental education: experience in a community-based dental partnership program. J Dent Educ. 2010;74(2):130-9. PMID: 20145068.
Chimea T, Kanji Z, Schmitz S. Assessment of clinical competence in competency-based education. Can J Dent Hyg. 2020;54(2):83-91. PMCID: PMC7668267.
Farhat SCL, et al. Development and application of a Workplace-Based Assessment (WPBA) instrument based on competency for medical internship. BMC Med Educ. 2026. DOI
Hsu WC, Fuh LJ, Liao SC. Tickling the heart: integrating social emotional learning into medical education… Front Med. 2024;11:1368858. DOI